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Introduction
Development of the rocket, satellite and Space Environment
Satellite system consists of the following: the Space Segment which is the satellite in the outer space, Earth Station which performs communication between the satellites and Space Launching Vehicle services that Space Segment is transported to its mission orbit.
For this, Space Segment is launched to space in order to develop an operational Satellite system. Therefore, we consider that the standard character of orbit around the earth, the influence on design, test and operation of Satellite Segment by space environment are understood.
The orbit around the earth can be divided into LEO(low earth orbit), MEO(middle earth orbit) and GEO(geosynchronous orbit). The major characteristics of space environment, which are hard vacuum, microgravity, radiation, micrometeorite, thermal-environment, etc, vary according to the altitude, season, time, period of sun, orbit location and etc.
Thermal-control & structural design for the Space Environment
The correct modeling of the character of thermal environment and the detailed analysis of its influences on the Space Segment are premised from the complicated and variety of space environment. Therefore, thermal analysis of all sub-system and structural analysis must be performed accurately. The normal function and operation of all sub-system should be inspected in advance through all sort of experiments in a simulated space thermal environment.
Simulation experiments and verifications with space environment are then carried out physically.
Thermo-mechanical formulation & Finite Element Analyses
Governing equations and analysis techniques related to the Thermal analysis and structural Analysis have different characteristics. Most of the commercial programs do not provide an effective thermo-mechanical coupled solution, neither partially nor fully coupled. However, Space Segment is required to perform operations and missions in a space environment much harsher than the earth environment.
It is desirable to perform coupled thermal and structural analysis to consider thermo-mechanical load conditions because the change of temperature for the structure depends on time and spatial gradient interaction of thermal stress and strain character.